Dementia is a reduction in brain function and memory loss that often affects adults as they age. The definition of dementia is broad and includes a number of affects on brain function that affect memory, thinking and behavior. Causes and types of dementia are also numerous.
The presence of the following symptoms of dementia does not necessarily mean that you have dementia. There are also times in life when individuals experience symptoms of dementia based on health or circumstances, such as in the case of severe depression or excessive drinking. Once these behaviors are controlled, the symptoms of dementia can be reversed.
A definitive diagnosis of dementia is sometimes difficult to achieve. Doctors look for a combination of symptoms before approaching a dementia diagnosis.
Symptoms of Dementia
The presence of one or more of the following symptoms is not adequate for you to self-diagnose dementia. If you suspect you or a loved one may have dementia, you should consult a physician for further testing and identification of other symptoms of dementia.
Inability to sleep and rest.
Insomnia is a common problem in our fast paced society. Persistent insomnia or dramatic changes in sleep-wake cycles, however, may be a symptom of dementia. At the very least, should these symptoms develop in conjunction with other symptoms of dementia the changes should be noted and discussed with a physician.
Loss of memory associated with everyday functions.
Dementia brings a marked increased in forgetfulness. The ability to remember names, basic items, and everyday life functions can be forgotten. Dementia patients may forget how to perform basic functions and/or lose the ability to identify by name the function they wish to perform.
Change in health and hygiene habits.
Individuals with dementia often begin to forget to take medication, bathe, brush their teeth, and perform other daily health and hygiene functions. Dementia patients also lose their appetite and, at advanced stages, find it difficult to chew and swallow, increasing the risk of aspiration.
Difficulty communicating.
Increased confusion and the inability to communicate make it difficult for the patient and the caregiver. The patient finds it difficult to relay needs and feelings. Caregivers finds themselves trying to interpret patient needs and feelings based on ambiguous cues. This can be very frustrating and depressing for the patient.
Changes in physical and mental outlook.
Once a patient has lost memory and the ability to the patient may isolate himself from situations in which he feels vulnerable or isolated. Actual changes in behavior and concentration are a result of changes in the patient’s brain. This may also lead to uncharacteristic anger, aggression, frustration, anxiety and disorientation.
Confusion and disorientation.
It is a short step from memory loss and concentration to confusion and disorientation. When awareness and mental clarity become clouded, confusion and disorientation are often displayed in the dementia patient. This is especially common when the patient’s surroundings change, such as moving from home to hospital or nursing home. Their questions and understanding may seem almost childlike.
As dementia symptoms progress.
The progression of dementia varies from patient to patient. Causes and variables associated with dementia that can be controlled may help delay the onset and progression of symptoms. It is important that caregivers assist in keeping dementia patients as grounded and comfortable as possible.
It is helpful to keep a journal of symptoms to share with the patient’s physician. This will help the physician understand the progression of the disease and its manifestations.
Sources:
Alzheimer’s disease Health Center, WebMD
Dementia, MayoClinic
Dementia Topic Overview, WebMD
Types of Dementia, Neurology.health-cares.net
What types of Dementia Last Night, Emeritus Senior Living
