As spring approaches in the USA I am mindful of the warm hot summer days in the sun that will soon be coming. In most of the Southern states spring is very hot. It generally goes from winter to summer with cold, frigid days turning to hot, humid weather in a matter of a few weeks.
Those hot summer days afford many outdoor activities and we may lose sight of the fact that high temperatures and excessive humidity can pose dangers. One of the dangers to be aware of is that of heat stroke. Heat stroke occurs as a result of long, extreme exposure to the sun. When a person does not sweat enough to cool down core temperature rises quickly and heatstroke occurs.
The first aid tips in this article in no way precludes immediate medical attention. Heat Stroke can be extremely damaging to you health. It progresses very quickly and is life threatening. While there are first aid measures that can be taken, heatstroke is a medical emergency. Time is crucial and help should be summoned immediately.
Who Are At Risk
Infants and the elderly are among the group at high risk for heatstroke. Also vulnerable are the obese, alcoholics, persons taking certain medications, or those with cardiovascular disease.
Another group that may be at risk is the summer athlete. As with any prolonged physical activity, summer sports can be potentially dangerous. Over motivated athletes can overheat by exerting themselves too much too quickly or trying to endure for too long a time.
The important thing to remember is that when high temperatures and humidity are present conditions are right for heat stroke. This is especially the case with summer sports. If you are going to be playing summer sports, it is wise to acclimate yourself to the conditions over a week or two, taking it slow and for short periods of time. Athletes that have been acclimated to the heat will sweat quicker, in greater volume, and over a wider body area, which will keep them cooler.
There are some preventive measures you should take if you are going to be in the heat for extensive hours. This is especially necessary if you are planning prolonged physical activity. Have plenty of water and/or sports drinks on hand to prevent dehydration. Wear clothing that allows you to sweat and will prevent overheating. Take breaks and sit in a shaded area to cool down.
Early Warning Signs Of Heat Stroke
Some early warning signs of heat stroke may include a rapid rise in body temperature (103° F or higher), irritability, confusion, dizziness, nausea, fatigue, hot, dry red skin, hallucinations, and rapid heart beat. There may even be loss of consciousness.
What To Do If Heat Stroke Is Suspected
If you suspect someone has heat stroke take action quickly. Have someone call 911 for help. Get the person out of the sun into a shaded or air-conditioned area.
If possible immerse the person in a tub of ice water, or spray them with a garden hose. If nothing else wrap them in cool sheets. Whatever means you have, the objective is to cool them down as quickly as possibly. Monitor them closely. Cool the person until their body temperature drops to 101-102°F. Do not give the victim fluids to drink.
Move quickly, if not treated, heat stroke can be fatal in with-in the hour. If medical assistance does not arrive after you have cooled them down, call a hospital emergency room for further advice.
In conclusion, when enjoying the intense heat and humidity of summer remember to wear lightweight, breathable clothing. Keep plenty of water and sports drinks on hand. Schedule heavy physical activity for cooler hours of the day. Acclimate yourself to the sun and heat by spending short times in the sun at first. With these few steps in mind may you all have a wonderful spring/summer whenever it comes to your part of the globe.
Reference:
- The Sport Clinic
